DATA BASE

ANTIBIOTICS
                           

INTRODUCTION

  • Chemotherapeutic agent that inhibits or kills the growth of microbes such as Bacteria, Fungi, or Protozoa.
  • First antibiotic was Penicillin, discovered in 1928 from Penicillin chrysogenum
  • Each antibiotic is effective only for certain types of infections.
  • The great number of diverse antibiotics currently available are classified in different ways based on their origin into microbial ,semi synthetic and synthetic.

EFFECTIVENESS DEPENDS ON:

  • Route of administration.
  • Site of infection.
  • Interfering substances.
  • Concentration of drug in the body.
  • The nature of the pathogens.
  • Presence of drug allergies.
  • Resistance of pathogens to the drug.

ANTIBIOTICS OF MICROBIAL ORIGIN:

ANTIBIOTICS

ORGANISM

DISCOVERER

YEAR OF DISCOVERY
AMPHOTERICIN B
Streptomyces nodosus
Dr.Selman Abraham Waksman
1952
VANCOMYCIN Amycolatopsis orientalis EC Kornfeld
1970
STREPTOMYCIN
Streptomyces griseus
 Dr.Selman Abraham Waksman
1944
GENTAMYCIN
Micromonospora purpureochromogenes
 Dr. Marvin Weinstein
1963
CHLORAMPHENICOL
Streptomyces venezuelae
 John Ehrlich,Paul Burkholderand David Gotlieb
1947
CEPHALOSPORIN
Cephalosporium acremonium
Giuseppe Brotzu
1948
ERYTHROMYCIN
Saccharopolyspora erythraea
 Dr.Selman Abraham Waksman
1959
KANAMYCIN
Streptomyces kanamyceticus
 Dr. Hamao Umezawa
1957
NEOMYCIN
Streptomyces fradiae
 Hubert Lechevalier
1949
PENICILLIN
Penicillium chrysogenum.
Sir Alexander Fleming
1928
NYSTATIN
Streptomyces noursei
 Rachael F. Brown and Elizabeth Hazen
1970
TETRACYCLINE
Streptomyces aureofaciens
 Lloyd Conover
1948
For further information click the following links.

| AMPHOTERICIN|CEPHALOSPORIN| CHLORAMPHENICOL|ERYTHROMYCIN| GENTAMYCIN| KANAMYCIN| NEOMYCIN| PENICILLIN| STREPTOMYCIN|VANCOMYCIN|TETRACYCLINE| NYSTATIN